نقش مهاجرت بر بروز مشکلات رفتاری کودکان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه روان شناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی ، دانشگاه تهران

2 کارشناس ارشد روان شناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی، دانشگاه تهران

3 کارشناس ارشد روان شناسی، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

در جهان امروز روند رو به رشد مهاجرت سبب شده است که جمعیت دانش‌آموزانِ مهاجر افزایش یابد. این در حالی است که فرایند مهاجرت به هر دلیلی یا هر مدتی که رخ دهد، استرس زاست و این دانش‌آموزان از نظر مشکلات روان­شناختی در معرض خطر هستند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر مهاجرت بر بروز مشکلات رفتاری کودکان انجام شده است. پژوهش از نوع علّی ـ مقایسه­ای است. با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای، تعداد 364 کودک به همراه مادرانشان، انتخاب شدند. بدین ترتیب که از بین همۀ مدارس ابتدایی و راهنمایی جزیرۀ کیش، 6 مدرسه (سه مدرسۀ دخترانه و سه مدرسۀ پسرانه) به ­صورت تصادفی انتخاب و از هر مدرسه 3 کلاس انتخاب و همۀ دانش‌آموزان کلاس و مادرانشان برای نمونه وارد تحقیق شدند. داده­های پژوهش با استفاده از چک­لیست تجدیدنظر شدۀ مشکلات رفتاری کوای و پترسون (نسخۀ والدین) گردآوری شد. برای تحلیل داده­‌های پژوهش از آزمون یومن­ویتنی استفاده شد. نتایج حاصل نشان داد که از نظر میانگین رتبه­ایِ مشکلاتِ رفتاری، هم در نمرۀ کل و هم در نمرۀ خرده‌مقیاس‌ها، بین دو گروه دانش‌آموزان بومی و مهاجر تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد. این نتایج نشان می‌دهد خطر ابتلا به مشکلات رفتاری در کودکان مهاجر قابل توجه است. داشتن چنین اطلاعاتی می‌تواند در زمینۀ برنامه‌ریزی‌های بهداشت عمومی در پیشگیری اولیه از مشکلات بهداشت روانی مهاجران کمک کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The role of immigration on children's behavioral problems

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali-Akbar Arjmandnia 1
  • Samaneh Maleki 2
  • Razieh Ghiyasi 3
1 University of Tehran
2 University of Tehran
3 University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

In today's world, the growing trend of immigration led to the increase of the migrant
students population. However, the migration process for whatever reason or extend
of duration, is stressful and these students are at risk in terms of psychological
problems. This study aims to investigate the effect of migration on the behavioral
problems of children. This is a causal-comparative research. Using randomized
cluster sampling, 364 children with their mothers were selected, so that from all the
primary and secondary schools of Kish Island, six schools (three girls schools and
three boys schools) were randomly selected, and from each school three classes were
selected, and all the students of each class with their mothers were involved in the
research as samples. The research data were collected using the Quay & Peterson’s
Revised Behavior Problem Checklist (parental version). For data analysis, Mann–
Whitney U test was used. The results showed that considering the average rating,
there is a significant difference between behavioral problems of native and
immigrant students, both in the total score and in the subscales of scores. The results
indicate that the risk of behavioral problems in migrant children is significant.
Having such information can be helpful in public health planning for the initial
prevention of mental health problems in immigrants.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • immigration
  • behavioral problems
  • mental health
  • and children
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